{"id":630,"date":"2017-10-01T11:14:40","date_gmt":"2017-10-01T08:14:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lider-agro.md\/?p=630"},"modified":"2017-10-01T11:14:40","modified_gmt":"2017-10-01T08:14:40","slug":"solul-principala-bogatie-naturala-a-moldovei","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/?p=630","title":{"rendered":"Solul \u2013 principala bog\u0103\u0163ie natural\u0103 a Moldovei"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ursu A., Overcenco A., Curcub\u0103t Stela, Marcov I.<\/strong><\/em>
\nInstitutul de Ecologie \u015fi Geografie al Academiei de \u015etiin\u0163e a Moldovei<\/p>\n

Republica Moldova nu dispune de resurse minerale consi\u00adderabile, suprafa\u0163a p\u0103durilor constituie doar 10,8%, rezer\u00advele de ap\u0103 sunt minimale. Principala bog\u0103\u0163ie natural\u0103 o prezint\u0103 resursele de sol, care, dup\u0103 componen\u0163a genetic\u0103, este unic\u0103.<\/em><\/p>\n

Din punct de vedere geomorfologic, teritoriul Moldovei prezint\u0103 o c\u00e2mpie v\u0103luroas\u0103, \u00een cadrul c\u0103reia suprafe\u0163ele relativ plane se intercaleaz\u0103 cu regiuni deluroase. \u00cen centrul republicii se eviden\u0163iaz\u0103 Codrii \u2013 o forma\u0163iune geomor\u00adfologic\u0103 original\u0103 cu altitudine maximal\u0103 de 430 m. Unii autori consider\u0103 Codrii \u201emun\u0163i jo\u015fi\u201d de origine erozional\u0103 (\u0413\u043e\u0440\u0431\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432, 1961), unde activitatea neotectonic\u0103 (ridicarea) ajunge p\u00e2n\u0103 la 10 mm anual (\u0411\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0438\u0441, 1971).<\/p>\n

\u00cen partea de nord a \u0163\u0103rii se eviden\u0163iaz\u0103 Platoul de Nord, Dealurile Prenistrene, Stepa B\u0103l\u0163ilor; \u00een C\u00e2mpia de Sud Dealurile Tigheciului (Degradarea solului, 2000).<\/p>\n

Relieful regiunilor deluroase prezint\u0103 o alternare a coline\u00adlor cu versan\u0163i lungi par\u0163ial abrup\u0163i, cu v\u0103i \u00eenguste \u015fi ad\u00e2nci. Altitudinile medii variaz\u0103 \u00eentre 300 \u015fi 400 m (maximal\u0103 430 m, minimal\u0103 5 m).<\/p>\n

Construc\u0163ia geologic\u0103 a teritoriului const\u0103 din straturi de roci sedimentare \u2013 depuneri a m\u0103rilor Sarma\u0163iene (argile, aleurite, nisipuri, calcare) \u015fi luturi loessoide de v\u00e2rst\u0103 qu\u00adaternar\u0103 (\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f, 1964). Dealurile predominante sunt construite din roci ter\u0163iare \u2013 argile \u015fi aleurite, terenu\u00adrile joase \u015fi terasele r\u00e2urilor \u2013 din luturi loessoide. Blocurile calcaroase se eviden\u0163iaz\u0103 \u00een partea de nord-vest a \u0163\u0103rii (a\u015fa numitele Toltre<\/em>) \u015fi \u00een v\u0103ile Prutului, Nistrului \u015fi afluien\u0163ilor lor, preponderent la baza versan\u0163ilor.<\/p>\n

Depunerile sedimentare ter\u0163iale \u015fi quaternare servesc \u00een ca\u00adlitate de roci parentale solurilor, constituind componen\u0163a lor mineral\u0103. Ata\u015farea \u015fi alternarea rocilor condi\u0163ioneaz\u0103 r\u0103sp\u00e2n\u00addirea teritorial\u0103, textura, propriet\u0103\u0163ile fizico-chimice a diferi\u00adtor soluri. Componen\u0163a mineral\u0103 a unor roci condi\u0163ioneaz\u0103 specificul genezei rendzinelor \u015fi vertisolurilor (Ursu, 2011).<\/p>\n

Neomogenitatea reliefului condi\u0163ioneaz\u0103 variabilitatea teritorial\u0103 a climei, caracteristice zonei temperate (Atlas, 2013). Pe teritoriul republicii temperatura medie anual\u0103 constituie 7,7oC la nord \u015fi 9,9oC la sud, suma precipita\u0163iilor \u2013 respectiv, 550 \u015fi 425 mm cu o mare variabilitate anual\u0103 (Degradarea solurilor, 2000). La fiecare 100 m altitudine temperatura medie anual\u0103 scade cu 0,5\u20130,7oC, suma pre\u00adcipita\u0163iilor cre\u015fte cu 50\u201360 mm (\u0421\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443, 1965). Condi\u0163iile climatice creaz\u0103 regimurile hidro-termice a solurilor, poten\u0163ialul lor productiv. \u00cen condi\u0163ii naturale clima determin\u0103 componen\u0163a specific\u0103 a biocenozelor spontane \u015fi ecosistemelor terestre.<\/p>\n

\u00cen dependen\u0163\u0103 de clim\u0103, s-au format biocenozele p\u0103durilor de foioase, paji\u015ftelor \u015fi stepelor de p\u0103iu\u015f-negar\u0103, asocia\u0163iile hidrofile etc., care au condi\u0163ionat procesele pedogenetice \u015fi formarea diferitor soluri.<\/p>\n

\u00cen partea de sud a \u0163\u0103rii regiunile deluroase au format zona silvo-stepei cu p\u0103duri de stejar pe culmele dealurilor, paji\u015fti \u015fi stepe pe versan\u0163i \u015fi terase. \u00cen bazinul superior al R\u0103utului \u015fi bazinul Ciulucului a predominat stepa de p\u0103iu\u015f-negar\u0103 cu fragmente de asocia\u0163ii hidro- \u015fi halofite (Postolache, 1995).<\/p>\n

Codrii prezint\u0103 o forma\u0163iune insular\u0103 cu p\u0103duri de gorun \u015fi fag (aripa estic\u0103 a zonei p\u0103durilor central-europene) pe po\u00addi\u015ful central predominant \u015fi stej\u0103ri\u015furi la periferie.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2mpia de Sud prezint\u0103 o step\u0103 xerofit\u0103 cu p\u0103iu\u015f-negar\u0103 \u015fi fragmente de p\u0103duri cu stejar pufos.<\/p>\n

Vegeta\u0163ia ierboas\u0103 \u00een perioada preistoric\u0103 ocupa aproxi\u00admativ 80 la sut\u0103 din teritoriul \u0163\u0103rii, iar p\u0103durile \u2013 20% (Ursu, Cuza, 2014).<\/p>\n

\u00cen dependen\u0163\u0103 de specificul rocilor geologice, construc\u0163iei geomorfologice, reliefului, condi\u0163iilor climatice \u015fi compo\u00adnen\u0163a specific\u0103 a biocenozelor s-a format \u00eenveli\u015ful pedolo\u00adgic, spectrul zonal al solurilor Moldovei.<\/p>\n

Pe \u00een\u0103l\u0163imile predominante ale Codrilor (altitudinea \u2013 380\u2013 430 m) sub p\u0103duri de gorun cu fag, pe roci aleurite \u015fi ni\u00adsipoase s-au format solurile brune reprezentate de dou\u0103 subtipuri \u2013 tipice \u015fi luvice. Aceste soluri constituie etajul superior al spectrului pedologic, condi\u0163ionat de legitatea zonalit\u0103\u0163ii verticale (\u0423\u0440\u0441\u0443, 1977). Pe teritoriile adiacente ale Codrilor cu altitudinile 240\u2013300 m, precum \u015fi pe cul\u00admele predominante ale Platoului de Nord, a Dealurilor Prenistrene \u015fi a Tigheciului sub p\u0103durile de stejar cu dife\u00adrite amestecuri de foioase (ar\u0163ar, carpen, tei, frasin \u015f.a.) pe diferite roci parentale (argile, aleurite, nisipuri) s-au format solurile cenu\u015fii reprezentate de 4 subtipuri \u2013 albice, tipice, molice, vertice. R\u0103sp\u00e2ndirea teritorial\u0103 a acestor soluri este condi\u0163ionat\u0103 de legitatea etaj\u0103rii verticale (albice > tipice > molice) consecin\u0163\u0103 a intensivit\u0103\u0163ii regimului hidric sau com\u00adponen\u0163ei rocii parentale (vertice).<\/p>\n

Pe teritoriul republicii are o predominare absolut\u0103 tipul de sol zonal \u2013 cernoziomul, format \u00een condi\u0163iile fostelor pa\u00adji\u015fti, stepe \u015fi p\u0103duri de stejar pufos. \u00cen aspect zonal, de la nord spre sud, \u00een dependen\u0163\u0103 de intensivitatea regimului hidric (de la percolativ spre non-percolativ) sunt r\u0103sp\u00e2ndite cernoziomurile argiloiluviale, formate sub p\u0103duri de stejar comun cu covor ierbos, spre sud substituite de cernozio\u00admuri levigate, format sub vegeta\u0163ia ierboas\u0103 a paji\u015ftelor (Stepa B\u0103l\u0163ilor) sau p\u0103duri de stejar pufos (C\u00e2mpia de Sud). Subtipul caracteristic tipului este cernoziomul tipic format \u00een condi\u0163ii de step\u0103 cu p\u0103iu\u015f-negar\u0103. Acest \u201esol al stepelor\u201d <\/em>predomin\u0103 \u00een Stepa B\u0103l\u0163ilor (moderat humifer) \u015fi \u00een C\u00e2mpia de Sud (slab humifer sau obi\u015fnuit), unde se \u00eent\u00e2lne\u015fte \u015fi sub p\u0103duri de stejar pufos.<\/p>\n

\u00cen aripa sudic\u0103 a cernoziomului, sub stepe cu caracter xero\u00adfit (cu participarea pelinului), s-au format cernoziomuri car\u00adbonatice. Pe rocile argiloase grele s-a format cernoziomul vertic, care contacteaz\u0103 cu vertisolul.<\/p>\n

Solurile brune, cenu\u015fii \u015fi cernoziomurile formeaz\u0103 spectrul zonal al \u00eenveli\u015fului pedologic al Moldovei \u2013 clasa solurilor automorfe.<\/p>\n

\u00cen cadrul arealelor solurilor cenu\u015fiu \u015fi, \u00eendeosebi, a cernozi\u00adomurilor, sunt r\u0103sp\u00e2ndite fragmentar areale mici de soluri intrazonale litomorfe<\/em>, formarea c\u0103rora este condi\u0163ionat\u0103 de specificul rocilor parentale, hidromorfe <\/em>\u2013 condi\u0163ionate de surplusul de umiditate \u015fi halomorfe<\/em>, cu prezen\u0163a s\u0103rurilor solubile.<\/p>\n

Solurile litomorfe sunt prezentate de rendzine, formate pe calcare \u015fi vertisoluri, formate pe argile grele.<\/p>\n

Clasa solurilor hidromorfe este reprezentat\u0103 de 3 tipuri de sol \u2013 cernoziomoide, mocirle \u015fi sol turbos.<\/p>\n

Clasa solurilor halomorfe sunt reprezentate de soloneturi \u015fi solonceacuri. Arealele solurilor zonale sunt \u00eentret\u0103iate de solurile clasei dinamomorfe<\/em>, care se formeaz\u0103 \u00een v\u0103ile r\u00e2uri\u00adlor \u015fi r\u00e2ule\u0163elor pe depozitele actuale \u2013 deluviale \u015fi aluviale, precum \u015fi \u00een rezultatul activit\u0103\u0163ii antropice.<\/p>\n

Clasificarea actual\u0103 a solurilor Moldovei include 5 clase, 13 tipuri \u015fi 37 de subtipuri (Tab. 1). Tipurile \u015fi subtipurile de sol coreleaz\u0103 cu unit\u0103\u0163ile superioare \u015fi inferioare ale clasific\u0103rii precedente (\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0432\u044b \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0438, 1984).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00cenveli\u015ful de sol, \u00een realitate, este foarte complicat, fiind repre\u00adzentat de multiple unit\u0103\u0163i inferioare specii, familii, genuri, va\u00adriante, \u00een dependen\u0163\u0103 de grosimea profilului; con\u0163inutul de humus, textur\u0103, grad de eroziune, salinizare etc. Lista siste\u00admatic\u0103 a solurilor Moldovei include peste 700 de unit\u0103\u0163i.<\/p>\n

Resursele de sol ale Moldovei \u00een decursul istoriei au fost va\u00adlorificate peste limit\u0103. Poten\u0163ialul productiv \u00eenalt al cernozi\u00adomului \u015fi procesul relativ simplu de valorificare (des\u0163eleni\u00adre) au contribuit la dezvoltarea agriculturii. Actualmente din suprafa\u0163a total\u0103 de 3.381.620 ha a \u0163\u0103rii, conform cadastru\u00adlui (Cadastrul funciar, 2016), 2.499.585 ha prezint\u0103 terenuri agricole (78%). Fondul arabil constituie 1.822.912 ha, viile \u015fi livezile ocup\u0103 288.900 ha, p\u0103\u015funile \u2013 345.034 ha, 465.253 ha ocup\u0103 fondul forestier (inclusiv planta\u0163iile forestiere).<\/p>\n

Valorificarea \u015fi lucrarea sistematic\u0103 a solurilor a contribuit la activizarea proceselor destructive \u2013 a eroziunii, defla\u0163iei, alunec\u0103rilor de teren (Eroziunea solului, 2004). 80% a fon\u00addului arabil sunt amplasate pe pante cu \u00eenclina\u0163ia de pes\u00adte 2o \u015fi, deci, pot fi supuse eroziunii de suprafa\u0163\u0103 \u015fi liniar\u0103 (de ad\u00e2ncime). \u00cen ultimii ani nu se efectueaz\u0103 monitoringul proceselor erozionale; conform ultimelor date, suprafa\u0163a total\u0103 a solurilor erodate constituie 898.653 ha. 24.098 ha sunt afectate de alunec\u0103ri de teren. Formele liniare de ero\u00adziune \u2013 rigole, ogase, ravene ocup\u0103 12.031 ha \u015fi activizarea lor continu\u0103.<\/p>\n

Construc\u0163ia geologic\u0103 a unor terenuri, inclusiv cu destina\u0163ie agricol\u0103, prezint\u0103 o alternare a straturilor diferitor roci \u2013 ar\u00adgile, aleurite, nisipuri fine. Deseori rocile permeabile sunt suportate de argile impermeabile, ceea ce condi\u0163ioneaz\u0103 formarea straturilor acvifere \u015fi \u201eizvoarelor de coast\u0103\u201d<\/em>. Aceste terenuri periodic pot fi supuse alunec\u0103rilor, \u00een procesul c\u0103\u00adrora \u00eenveli\u015ful de sol este distrus, regimul hidric al pantelor \u2013 deformat. Alunec\u0103rile de teren modific\u0103 radical pretabili\u00adtatea solurilor \u015fi posibilitatea utiliz\u0103rii lor.<\/p>\n

Fondul agricol este supus diferitor procese degrada\u0163ionale, care reduc poten\u0163ialul productiv al solurilor. Stratul arabil este supus permanent destructuriz\u0103rii, tas\u0103rii, dehumifi\u00adc\u0103rii, polu\u0103rii. Lucrarea sistematic\u0103 a solului a contribuit la distrugerea elementelor structurale, create \u00een procesul pe\u00addogenezei. \u00cen dependen\u0163\u0103 de gradul de umiditate, stratul arabil se taseaz\u0103, poate deveni bolov\u0103nos, compact, la su\u00adprafa\u0163\u0103 se formeaz\u0103 crusta.<\/p>\n

Lucrarea solului \u015fi predominarea culturilor anuale pr\u0103\u015fitoa\u00adre condi\u021bioneaz\u0103 procesele de descompunere a materiei organice a solului \u015fi conduce la dehumificare. Con\u0163inutul de humus se reduce cu, aproximativ, 1 t\/ha (Degradarea so\u00adlului, 2000). Solul dehumificat se supune u\u015for compact\u0103rii.<\/p>\n

Exploatarea fondului funciar f\u0103r\u0103 respectarea asolamente\u00adlor, f\u0103r\u0103 administrarea \u00eengr\u0103\u0219\u0103mintelor condi\u0163ioneaz\u0103 redu\u00adcerea rezervelor elementelor nutritive.<\/p>\n

\u00cen ultimii ani a sc\u0103zut considerabil introducerea \u00een sol a \u00een\u00adgr\u0103\u015f\u0103mintelor minerale \u015fi organice, dar \u015fi a pesticidelor. S-a minimalizat poten\u0163ialul polu\u0103rii chimice a solului, \u00eens\u0103 con\u00adtinu\u0103 poluarea cu diferite de\u015feuri.<\/p>\n

\u00cen scopul amelior\u0103rii st\u0103rii actuale a solurilor fondului agri\u00adcol, se recomand\u0103 insistent un sistem de m\u0103suri, \u00eencep\u00e2nd cu schimbarea atitudinii preponderent indiferente a so\u00adciet\u0103\u0163ii fa\u0163\u0103 de principala bog\u0103\u0163ie natural\u0103 a \u0163\u0103rii. Cea mai periculoas\u0103 form\u0103 de degradare a solurilor este eroziunea. Actualmente, \u00een practica agricol\u0103 nu se implementeaz\u0103 m\u0103\u00adsurile necesare de protejare antierozional\u0103.<\/p>\n

Fondul agricol este dispersat, loturile individuale deseori sunt parcelate \u015fi se lucreaz\u0103 de-a lungul pantelor.<\/p>\n

O m\u0103sur\u0103 strict necesar\u0103 const\u0103 \u00een consolidarea terenurilor agricole \u015fi organizarea lor antierozional\u0103. Organizarea anti\u00aderozional\u0103 va regla re\u0163eaua de drumuri, amplasarea solelor \u015fi lucrarea solului de-a curmezi\u015ful pantelor, implementarea m\u0103surilor agro-, fito- \u015fi hidrotehnice de combatere \u015fi dimi\u00adnuare a eroziunii.<\/p>\n

Solurile deja erodate puternic, necesit\u0103 a fi scoase din circu\u00aditol agricol \u015fi transferate \u00eentr-un fond special de revendicare. \u00cen acest fond ar putea fi transferate \u015fi solurile pu\u0163in produc\u00adtive \u2013 solone\u0163urile, solonceacurile, solurile cernoziomoide, mocirlele care nu sunt supuse tehnologiilor ameliorative.<\/p>\n

\u00cen condi\u0163iile pedoclimatice ale Moldvoei toat\u0103 agricultura necesit\u0103 a fi organizat\u0103 antierozional. \u00cen scopul minimalir\u0103\u00adzii efectului negativ, sau a excluderii proceselor degrada\u0163io\u00adnale, necesit\u0103 a fi organizate \u015fi implementate asolamentele speciale, regionale, cu includerea ierburilor perene.<\/p>\n

\u00cen scopul diminu\u0103rii dehumific\u0103rii \u015fi regl\u0103rii bilan\u0163ului nutri\u00adtiv este necesar\u0103 administrarea argumentat\u0103 a \u00eengr\u0103\u015f\u0103min\u00adtelor, utilizarea de\u015feurilor organice, preg\u0103tirea \u015fi utilizarea composturilor.<\/p>\n

Pe teritoriul \u0163\u0103rii necesit\u0103 a fi creat\u0103 o carcas\u0103 ecologic\u0103, preponderent antierozional\u0103, care ar include masivele fo\u00adrestiere existente \u015fi plantate, f\u00e2\u015fiile antierozionale \u015fi loturile de revendicare a solurilor.<\/p>\n

Exist\u0103 imperativul elabor\u0103rii \u015fi implement\u0103rii unor sisteme regionale de m\u0103suri pentru stabilizarea alunec\u0103rilor de teren.<\/p>\n

\u00cen stare nenormal\u0103 se afl\u0103 o mare parte a luncilor \u015fi solurilor aluviale, par\u0163ial drenate, cu regimurile hidrice deteriorate. Necesit\u0103 a fi restabilite misiunile naturale ale v\u0103ilor \u00een cali\u00adtate de canale de scurgere superficial\u0103 \u015fi a mla\u015ftinilor \u2013 pu\u00adrificatoare a apelor.<\/p>\n

Este necesar\u0103 reglarea p\u0103\u015funatului, cu excluderea degrad\u0103\u00adrii solurilor.<\/p>\n

Condi\u0163iile climatice, secetele frecvente condi\u0163ioneaz\u0103 ne\u00adcesitatea irig\u0103rii, care asigur\u0103 majorarea productivit\u0103\u0163ii solurilor. \u00cens\u0103, irigarea presupune respectarea anumitor condi\u0163ii ecologice, \u00een primul r\u00e2nd calitatea apei. Irigarea trebuie s\u0103 exclud\u0103 salinizarea sau solonetizarea solurilor, deoarece conse\u0163in\u0163ele acestor procese negative sunt ire\u00adversibile.<\/p>\n

\u00cen scopul exploat\u0103rii durabile \u015fi protej\u0103rii resurselor pedo\u00adlogice sunt strict necesare: organizarea Agen\u0163iei \u201eSolurile Moldovei\u201d, adoptarea \u201eLegii solului\u201d, elaborarea \u015fi imple\u00admentarea unui sistem de m\u0103suri urgente.<\/p>\n

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  8. Ursu A., Cuza P. Cota p\u0103durilor \u00een ecosistemele natura\u00adle ale Republicii Moldova \/\/ Mediul ambiant, nr. 2(74), 2014. P. 15\u201318.<\/li>\n
  9. \u0411\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0438\u0441 \u0413.\u0421. \u041d\u0435\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u044b. \u041a\u0438\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0432, 1971. 151 c.<\/li>\n
  10. \u0413\u043e\u0440\u0431\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0418.\u0424. \u0420\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0444 \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u0422\u0440\u0443\u0434\u044b \u0414\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444. \u041a\u0438\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0432, 1961. C. 119-125.<\/li>\n
  11. \u041f\u043e\u0447\u0432\u044b \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0438. \u0422\u043e\u043c I. 1984, t I, \u041a\u0438\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0432, \u0428\u0442\u0438\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0430, 1984. 352 \u0441.<\/li>\n
  12. \u0421\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420. \u0412\u044b\u043f. II, \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0421\u0421\u0420; \u0427. II. \u0422\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0432\u044b. \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434, 1965. 124 c.<\/li>\n
  13. \u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0438. \u041a\u0438\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0432, \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0430 \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0430\u0441\u043a\u044d, 1964. 131 c.<\/li>\n
  14. \u0423\u0440\u0441\u0443 \u0410.\u0424. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0432 \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0438. \u041a\u0438\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0432, \u0428\u0442\u0438\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0430, 1977. 138 c.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ursu A., Overcenco A., Curcub\u0103t Stela, Marcov I. Institutul de Ecologie \u015fi Geografie al Academiei de \u015etiin\u0163e a Moldovei Republica Moldova nu dispune de resurse minerale consi\u00adderabile, suprafa\u0163a p\u0103durilor constituie doar 10,8%, rezer\u00advele de ap\u0103 sunt minimale. Principala bog\u0103\u0163ie natural\u0103 o prezint\u0103 resursele de sol, care, dup\u0103 componen\u0163a genetic\u0103, este unic\u0103. Din punct de vedere […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":632,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-630","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lider-agro-32017-2","category-3"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/630","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=630"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/630\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":633,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/630\/revisions\/633"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/632"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=630"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=630"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=630"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}