{"id":6136,"date":"2020-05-14T10:06:43","date_gmt":"2020-05-14T08:06:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lider-agro.md\/?p=6136"},"modified":"2020-10-21T17:27:16","modified_gmt":"2020-10-21T15:27:16","slug":"pagini-din-istoria-si-actualitatea-viticulturii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/?p=6136","title":{"rendered":"\u201dPagini din istoria \u0219i actualitatea viticulturii\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong>Recent la editura \u201dLexicon Plus\u201d a vazut lumina zilei lucrarea cu modestul titlul \u201dPagini dinistoria \u0219i actualitatea viticulturii\u201d, autor: acad. B.Gaina \u0219i dr. E.Alexandrov. Aceast\u0103 lucrarereprezint\u0103 cu adev\u0103rat o minienciclopedie despre trecutul, prezentul \u0219i perspectivele evolu\u021bieiviticulturii \u0219i vinifica\u021biei in Republica Moldova, situa\u021bie raportat\u0103 cu discern\u0103mant prin prismast\u0103rii de lucruri din domeniu in context regional \u0219i mondial.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Vi\u0163a de vie reprezint\u0103 o cultur\u0103 agricol\u0103 milenar\u0103 \u015fi peparcursul existen\u0163ei sale a determinat apari\u0163ia unor tradi\u0163ii\u015fi obiceiuri la popoarele care o cultivau, dezvoltareadiferitor me\u015fte\u015fuguri, elaborarea tehnicilor de cultivare \u015fiprocesare a strugurilor. Pe parcursul evolu\u0163iei, cultura vi\u0163ei de vie a fost supus\u0103amelior\u0103rii prin astfel de metode, cum ar fi selec\u0163ia natural\u0103\u015fi selec\u0163ia dirijat\u0103: intraspecific\u0103, interspecific\u0103, clonal\u0103,ingineria genetic\u0103 etc. Totu\u015fi, pan\u0103 in prezent nu s-areu\u015fit crearea soiului \u201eideal\u201d, care s\u0103 intruneasc\u0103 cele maivaloroase caracteristici ale diferitor soiuri: bace de culoareaurie-roz\u0103-ro\u015fie; cu arom\u0103 de muscat, citron, petale detrandafir, viorele etc.; cu gust armonios; de consisten\u0163\u0103crocant\u0103 la soiurile de mas\u0103 \u015fi suculent\u0103 la cele pentru suc \u015fivin; rezisten\u0163\u0103 inalt\u0103 la factorii biotici \u015fi abiotici ai mediuluiinconjur\u0103tor; rezisten\u0163\u0103 la temperaturile joase din timpuliernii \u015fi la cele inalte din timpul verilor aride; rezisten\u0163\u0103 labolile specifice acestei culturi \u2013 mildium, oidium, putregaiulcenu\u015fiu \u015fi altele, precum \u015fi la diver\u015fi v\u0103t\u0103m\u0103tori.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Astfel, r\u0103mane actual\u0103 problema ob\u0163inerii de noi variet\u0103\u0163ide vi\u0163\u0103 de vie cu caractere agro-biologice, care s\u0103 satisfac\u0103la maximum cerin\u0163ele fa\u0163\u0103 de strugurii de mas\u0103, destina\u0163iconsumului proasp\u0103t, \u015fi fa\u0163\u0103 de cei destina\u0163i proces\u0103riiindustriale (sucuri, concentrate, vinuri, distilate).In prezenta lucrare, pentru prima dat\u0103 au fost inclusemateriale mai pu\u0163in cunoscute ce se refer\u0103 la parcursulistoric al culturii vi\u0163ei de vie atat pe meleagurile noastre,cat \u015fi in diferite regiuni ale globului, unde se cultiv\u0103 aceast\u0103plant\u0103. Lucrarea con\u0163ine opinii ale savan\u0163ilor referitor laimportan\u0163a social-economic\u0103 a indeletnicirii poporuluinostru cu cre\u015fterea vi\u0163ei de vie \u015fi producerea b\u0103uturilorde calitate, care sunt solicitate pe pie\u0163ele europene dedesfacere.Textul bine ingrijit, caracterul laconic \u0219i limpezimeaexprim\u0103rii, calitatea impecabil\u0103 a desenelor \u0219i ilustra\u021biilor, diagramele \u0219i tablele eferente textului, bogata bibliografie\u0219i glosarul din anex\u0103, executarea poligrafic\u0103 la cel maiinalt nivel dau o \u021binut\u0103 aristocratic\u0103 apari\u021biei editoriale,minienciclopedia viticulturii fiind de fapt o carteimpecabil\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Viticultura \u015fi vinifica\u0163ia Republicii Moldova se inscrieast\u0103zi in patrimoniul mondial al culturii vi\u0163ei de vie, fiindcunoscut\u0103 in intreaga lume prin Patrimoniul na\u0163ionalcultural vitivinicol cu dou\u0103 entit\u0103\u0163i remarcabile \u2013 \u201eCricova\u201dS.A. \u015fi \u201eMile\u015ftii Mici\u201d, dar \u015fi cu Centrele de inalt\u0103 cultur\u0103vitivinicol\u0103: \u201eVin\u0103ria din Vale\u201d, \u201eFautor\u201d, \u201ePurcari\u201d, \u201eChateauVartely\u201d, \u201eMigdal P\u201d, \u201eRomane\u015fti\u201d, \u201eBr\u0103ne\u015fti\u201d, \u201eCoju\u015fna\u201d,\u201eBarza alb\u0103\u201d, \u201eC\u0103l\u0103ra\u015fi Divin\u201d, \u201eAroma\u201d, \u201eVin\u0103ria Bardar\u201d,\u201eComrat Vin\u201d, \u201eVismos\u201d, \u201eAsconi\u201d, \u201eBerhard\u201d, \u201eLion Gris\u201d etc.De tradi\u0163ia cultiv\u0103rii vi\u0163ei de vie sunt asociate multelegende, povestiri \u015fi obiceiuri, prin care se asigur\u0103transmiterea din genera\u0163ie in genera\u0163ie a unor importanteelemente ale culturii na\u0163ionale.Din cele mai vechi timpuri, imaginea vi\u0163ei de vie a fostutilizat\u0103 pe larg in arta popular\u0103. Fiind adesea aplicat\u0103 pecovoare, \u015ftergare, obiecte de vestimenta\u0163ie, ea reprezentaun simbol al vie\u0163ii \u015fi abunden\u0163ei. In calitate de simbol,elemente ale vi\u0163ei de vie (frunze, ciorchini de struguri,coarde) sunt adesea prezente pe stemele \u015fi drapelele maimultor state \u015fi ora\u015fe.In biserica ortodox\u0103, un element de decor foarte r\u0103spanditil constituie coardele, frunzele \u015fi strugurii de vi\u0163\u0103 de vie<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>.Aceste elemente sunt reprezentate atat sub form\u0103 depictur\u0103, cat \u015fi sub form\u0103 de incrust\u0103ri in lemn pe iconostase.Imaginile stilizate ale vi\u0163ei de vie se reg\u0103sesc adesea pemonede, care, datorit\u0103 sferei largi de r\u0103spandire, reprezint\u0103o modalitate foarte eficace de promovare a valorilorculturale ale unui popor. Astfel, diverse subiecte ce \u0163in deistoria dezvolt\u0103rii vi\u0163ei de vie, tehnica cultiv\u0103rii acesteia \u015fiproces\u0103rii produselor vitivinicole au fost imprimate de-alungul secolelor pe monedele mai multor state.M\u0103rcile \u015fi efectele po\u015ftale, de asemenea, reprezint\u0103 omodalitate de ilustrare a evenimentelor istorice \u015fi culturale alestatelor.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>\u0162\u0103rile cu o viticultur\u0103 dezvoltat\u0103 emit periodic m\u0103rci \u015fiefecte po\u015ftale, al c\u0103ror tematic\u0103 este legat\u0103 de vi\u0163a de vie.Studiul \u201ePagini din istoria \u015fi actualitatea viticulturii\u201d vinein ajutorul organizatorilor multiplelor manifest\u0103ri deanvergur\u0103:<\/p>\n<p>Ziua Na\u0163ional\u0103 a Vinului, Concursul Interna\u0163ionalde Vinuri, Conferin\u0163a Interna\u0163ional\u0103 \u201eIn Wine\u201d, S\u0103rb\u0103toareastrugurilor de mas\u0103, Concursul vinului \u0163\u0103r\u0103nesc etc.,desf\u0103\u015furate anual in Moldova, cu participare interna\u0163ional\u0103.Lucrarea este recomandat\u0103 \u015fi corpului profesoral universitar\u015fi colegial, speciali\u015ftilor \u015fi studen\u0163ilor din ramura vitivinicol\u0103,precum \u015fi tuturor celor interesa\u0163i de domeniul respectiv.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Recent la editura \u201dLexicon Plus\u201d a vazut lumina zilei lucrarea cu modestul titlul \u201dPagini dinistoria \u0219i actualitatea viticulturii\u201d, autor: acad. B.Gaina \u0219i dr. E.Alexandrov. Aceast\u0103 lucrarereprezint\u0103 cu adev\u0103rat o minienciclopedie despre trecutul, prezentul \u0219i perspectivele evolu\u021bieiviticulturii \u0219i vinifica\u021biei in Republica Moldova, situa\u021bie raportat\u0103 cu discern\u0103mant prin prismast\u0103rii de lucruri din domeniu in context [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6137,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[82],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6136","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lider-agro-2015-10"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6136","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6136"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6136\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10225,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6136\/revisions\/10225"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6137"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6136"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6136"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6136"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}