{"id":6078,"date":"2020-05-14T09:11:20","date_gmt":"2020-05-14T07:11:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lider-agro.md\/?p=6078"},"modified":"2020-10-21T17:46:55","modified_gmt":"2020-10-21T15:46:55","slug":"celebrarea-a-110-ani-a-institutului-viei-si-vinului-v-e-tairov-or-odesa-ucraina","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/?p=6078","title":{"rendered":"Celebrarea a 110 ani a Institutului Viei \u0219i Vinului \u201dV.E.Tairov\u201d, or. Odesa, Ucraina"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Academ. Boris GAINA, Academician-coordonator al Sec\u021biei de \u0218tiin\u021be Agricole a Academiei de \u0218tiin\u021be a Moldovei<br \/>Dr. Eugeniu Alexandrov, Gr\u0103dina Botanic\u0103 (Institut) a Academiei de \u0218tiin\u021be a Moldovei<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong>In perioada 10-11 septembrie 2015acad. Boris Gaina a participat la ConferintaInterna\u021bional\u0103 dedicat\u0103 anivers\u0103rii 110 anide la crearea perstigioasei institu\u021bii de cercetareviti-vinicol\u0103 a Institutului Viei \u0219i Vinului\u201dV.E.Tairov\u201d din or. Odesa, Ucraina.<\/em>\u041en cadrul Conferin\u021bei Interna\u021bionale savan\u021bii Academiei de\u0218tiin\u021be a Moldovei, Institutului \u0218tiin\u021bifico-Practic pentruHorticultur\u0103 \u0219i Tehnologii Alimentare au prezentat amplerapoarte, consacrate rezultatelor cercet\u0103rilor \u043en domeniileselec\u021biei intraspecifice a vi\u021bei-de-vie cu rezisten\u021b\u0103 la filoxer\u0103,boli \u0219i v\u0103t\u0103m\u0103tori, oenologiei \u2013 legate de indicii biochimicilimita\u021bi pe pia\u021ba UE, ecologiei \u0219i amplas\u0103rii vi\u021bei-de-vie \u043enarealele hotarului Republica Moldova \u2013 Ucraina etc.Dezvoltarea viticulturii pe parcursul evolu\u0163iei sale a cunoscutmultiple metode de ameliorare a vi\u021bei-de-vie, cum ar fiselec\u0163ia natural\u0103 sau dirijat\u0103 (intraspecific\u0103, interspecific\u0103,clonal\u0103, ingineria genetic\u0103 etc.).<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Un imperativ a \u015ftiin\u0163ei viti-vinicole mondiale r\u0103m\u0432ne a fi ob\u0163inereavariet\u0103\u0163ilor de vi\u0163\u0103-de-vie de calitate, absolut rezistentela atacul filoxerei (radicular\u0103 \u015fi foliar\u0103).La aceasta prestigioasa Conferint\u0103 interna\u021bional\u0103 Gr\u0103dinaBotanic\u0103 (Institut) a Academiei de \u0218tiin\u021be a Moldovei a prezentatun raport cu privire la ob\u0163inerea variet\u0103\u0163ilor noi de vi\u021b\u0103-de-vie ceea ce \u043en multe cazuri duce la schimbarea spectruluide compu\u015fi chimici \u015fi biochimici, responsabili de aroma,culoarea \u015fi gustul bacelor, al sucului \u015fi al vinului ob\u0163inut.Conform cerin\u021belor Uniunii Europene la producerea produselorvitivinicole, compozi\u021bia chimic\u0103 a materiei primetrebuie s\u0103 \u043entruneasc\u0103 unele cerin\u021be stricte, de exemplu<em>diglucozid-3,5-malvidol <\/em>nu trebuie s\u0103 dep\u0103\u0219easc\u0103 limita de15 mg\/dm3. Recent Organiza\u0163ia mondial\u0103 a Viei \u015fi Vinului apus \u043en discu\u0163ie problema reducerii acestui indice \u043en vinuri lalimita de 5 mg\/dm3.Un alt component important din sucul bacelor hibrizilor devi\u021b\u0103-de-vie de orice ordin, inclusiv cei distan\u0163i este <em>antranilatulde metil <\/em>(3,4-benzoxazol), c\u0103ruia i se atribuie rolul principal\u043en crearea gustului \u015fi mirosului (aromelor) de foxat (denaftalin\u0103 sau\/\u015fi de fenol).Antranilatul de metil reprezint\u0103 un compus azotic dingrupa benzoxazolilor, se formeaz\u0103 \u043en struguri (\u043en deosebila hibrizii produc\u0103tori direc\u0163i) \u043en cantit\u0103\u0163i de 0,2-3,5 mg\/dm3 de must (suc).<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Acesta se reg\u0103se\u015fte \u043en vin \u043en acelea\u015ficoncentra\u0163ii al\u0103turi de un alt component chimic aromatvolatil \u2013 acetatul de izoamil. De aceea \u015fi acest constituentchimic important din sucul bacelor hibrizilor noi din selec\u0163iaintraspecific\u0103 se cere determinat, studiat \u015fi luat dreptcriteriu de preselec\u0163ie.Organiza\u0163ia Interna\u0163ional\u0103 a Viei \u015fi Vinului a stabilit \u043en anul2004 concentra\u0163ia limit\u0103 de <em>metanol <\/em>de 250 ml\/l pentru vinurilealbe \u0219i 400 ml\/l pentru vinurile ro\u015fiiMetanolul reprezint\u0103 un alcool care se sintetizeaz\u0103 prinsubstituirea \u043en molecula de metan a unui atom de hidrogencu o grupare \u2013 OH (hidroxilic\u0103). \u041en procesele de fermentarea fructelor se poate forma metanol prin descompunereapectinelor. Consumul de metanol poate produce intoxica\u021biigrave, acesta poate lua na\u0219tere prin distilarea frac\u021bionat\u0103 \u043enmod particular a alcoolului.De aceea, este actual\u0103 problema ob\u0163inerii de noi variet\u0103\u0163ide vi\u0163\u0103-de-vie cu caractere agro-biologice care s\u0103 satisfac\u0103la maximum cerin\u0163ele fa\u0163\u0103 de strugurii de mas\u0103 utiliza\u0163i laconsumul proasp\u0103t, \u015fi fa\u0163\u0103 de cei destina\u0163i proces\u0103rii industriale(sucuri, concentrate, vinuri, distilate).<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>\u041en Gr\u0103dina Botanic\u0103 (Institut) a Academiei de \u015etiin\u0163e aMoldovei, concomitent cu alte centre \u015ftiin\u0163ifice interna\u0163ionaledin acest domeniu au fost realizate investiga\u0163ii\u043en domeniul hibrid\u0103rii distante la vi\u0163a de vie, antren\u0432ndvi\u0163a de vie american\u0103 (<em>Muscadinia rotundifolia <\/em>Michx.), curezisten\u0163\u0103 absolut\u0103 la filoxer\u0103, dar cu caractere agro-biologicede calitate inferioar\u0103, \u043en \u043encruci\u015f\u0103ri cu soiurilespeciei europene (<em>Vitis vinifera <\/em>L.), ne rezistente la ataculfiloxerei, dar cu caractere agro-biologice (productivitate\u015fi calitate) \u043enalt\u0103. \u041en final au fost crea\u0163i hibrizi distan\u0163i de vi\u0163\u0103 de vie pe r\u0103d\u0103ciniproprii \u043embin\u0432nd aceste criterii \u0219i \u043en baza principiilor clasiceuvologice \u0219i tehnologice s-a constatat c\u0103 hibrizii distan\u0163i devi\u021b\u0103-de-vie (<em>Vitis vinifera <\/em>L. x <em>Muscadinia rotundifolia <\/em>Michx.):DRX-M4-502; DRX-M4-512; DRX-M4-560; DRX-M4-580 \u015f.a. \u2013posed\u0103 calit\u0103\u0163i ale soiurilor de mas\u0103, iar hibrizii DRX-M3-3-1;DRX-M4-580; DRX-M4-640 \u015f.a. posed\u0103 propriet\u0103\u0163i mixte(pentru consum curent \u015fi procesare industrial\u0103).Astfel, a fost ini\u021biat\u0103 procedura de creare a sectoarelor experimentalede cultivare a hibrizilor distan\u021bi de vi\u021b\u0103-de-vie\u043en condi\u021biile zonei de nord a Republicii Moldova (B\u0103l\u021bi \u0219iSoroca).Delega\u021bia A\u0218M, MAIA, UASM \u0219i I\u0218PHTA a participat la aprecierileorganoleptice ale noilor variet\u0103\u021bi de struguri de mas\u0103din selec\u021bia IVV \u201dV.E.Tairov\u201d, precum \u0219i variet\u0103\u021bi ob\u021binute \u043enMoldova, Bulgaria, Rusia, Rom\u0432nia \u0219i Armenia.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Speciali\u0219tii de la fabricile de vin din \u0219apte \u021b\u0103ri \u0219i savan\u021bii \u2013participan\u021bi la Conferin\u021ba Interna\u021bional\u0103 au apreciat vinurilede diferite tipuri, ob\u021binute la IVV \u201dV.E.Tairov\u201d din soiurile destruguri tehnici, \u0219i care au completat sortimentul viticol \u043enUcraina, Moldova, Rusia \u0219i Bulgaria.\u041en cadrul festivit\u0103\u021bilor prilejuite anivers\u0103rii a 110 ani de la fondareaIVV \u201dV.E.Tairov\u201d au fost organizate vizite de lucru \u043en laboratoarelede virusologie, cultura \u201din vitro\u201d a vi\u021bei de vie, enologie,precum \u0219i la colec\u021bia de variet\u0103\u021bi cu peste 2000 de soiuri.Reprezentan\u021bii A\u0218M \u0219i MAIA au avut \u043entrevederi cu conducereaAcademiei Na\u021bionale de \u0218tiin\u021be Agricole a Ucrainei \u043enfrunte cu Pre\u0219edintele ANSAU, acad. Iaroslav M. Gadzalo, \u043encadrul c\u0103rora s-a subliniat importan\u021ba colabor\u0103rii institutelorde profil agricol din ambele \u021b\u0103ri \u043en cadrul proiectelor decolaborare bilateral\u0103, transfrontalier\u0103 Ucraina \u2013 Moldova \u2013Rom\u0432nia \u0219i Horizont 2020.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>De asemenea, au fost organizate discu\u021bii cu cadrele didacticede la Academia de \u0218tiin\u021be Alimentare, Universitatea de\u0218tiin\u021be Agricole \u0219i Institutul de Selec\u021bie \u0219i Genetic\u0103 din cadrulAN\u0218AU cu sediul \u043en or. Odesa ce \u021bin de preg\u0103tirea cadrelor\u0219i colaborarea \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103 agro-alimentar\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Bibliotecii A\u0218M i-au fost oferite ca dona\u021bie:1. Culegerea de articole nr. 52 a revistei\u201d<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u0412\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/em><\/strong> <strong><em>\u0438<\/em><\/strong> <strong><em>\u0412\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u201d, editat\u0103 deIVV \u201dV.E.Tairov\u201d (2015 m 234 pag.).2. Revista<\/em><\/strong><strong><em> \u201e\u0421\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438 \u0412\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u00bb,\u21168 (49), 2015, 66 \u0441\u0442.3. <\/em><\/strong><strong><em>Revista<\/em><\/strong><strong><em> \u00ab\u0421\u0430\u0434, \u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434 \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u044b\u00bb,<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u211610-12\u0431 2014.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Academ. Boris GAINA, Academician-coordonator al Sec\u021biei de \u0218tiin\u021be Agricole a Academiei de \u0218tiin\u021be a MoldoveiDr. Eugeniu Alexandrov, Gr\u0103dina Botanic\u0103 (Institut) a Academiei de \u0218tiin\u021be a Moldovei \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0In perioada 10-11 septembrie 2015acad. Boris Gaina a participat la ConferintaInterna\u021bional\u0103 dedicat\u0103 anivers\u0103rii 110 anide la crearea perstigioasei institu\u021bii de cercetareviti-vinicol\u0103 a Institutului Viei \u0219i [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6079,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[80,33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6078","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lider-agro-2015-09","category-33"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6078","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6078"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6078\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10243,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6078\/revisions\/10243"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6079"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6078"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6078"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6078"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}