Ne afl\u0103m la \u00eenceputul prim\u0103verii, o\u00a0perioad\u0103 care \u00eentotdeauna a fost\u00a0destul de complicat\u0103 pentru organizarea\u00a0alimenta\u0163iei corecte a animalelor.<\/p>\n
Care sunt problemele principale cu\u00a0care se confrunt\u0103 fermierii \u00een asigurarea\u00a0unei alimenta\u0163ii cuvenite a animalelor\u00a0\u00een aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103:<\/p>\n
1. \u00cen multe ferme se simte insuficien\u0163\u0103\u00a0de furaje \u015fi sc\u0103derea considerabil\u0103\u00a0a calit\u0103\u0163ii nutre\u0163urilor pe perioada de\u00a0p\u0103strare, deoarece de la data depozit\u0103rii\u00a0lor au trecut peste 6 luni. Pe\u00a0parcursul acestei perioade con\u0163inutul\u00a0 de proteine, vitamine, unele micro- \u015fi\u00a0macroelemente a sc\u0103zut considerabil,
\ncu 15-30%, iar \u00een cazul carotenului\u00a0— \u015fi cu p\u00e2n\u0103 la 50%. Pentru a avea\u00a0date exacte este binevenit\u0103 efectuarea\u00a0investiga\u021biilor de laborator \u0219i,\u00a0numai av\u00e2nd datele componen\u021bei\u00a0chimice \u201ede facto\u201d a nutre\u021burilor, putem\u00a0calcula corect ra\u021biile sau re\u021betele\u00a0de nutre\u021buri combinate. \u00cen acest context\u00a0v\u0103 inform\u0103m c\u0103 Laboratorul de\u00a0 Nutri\u021bie \u0219i Tehnologii Furajere al Institutuluide Biotehnologii \u00een Zootehnie\u00a0 \u0219i Medicin\u0103 Veterinar\u0103, s. Maximovca,\u00a0Anenii-Noi, efectuiaz\u0103 asemenea investiga\u021bii.<\/p>\n
2. \u00cen perioada iernatului \u00een organismul\u00a0animalelor practic s-au epuizat acele\u00a0rezerve de substan\u0163e nutritive, vitamine,\u00a0minerale, care au fost acumulate \u00een\u00a0perioada de var\u0103-toamn\u0103.\u00a03. Prim\u0103vara mai este perioada c\u00e2nd,\u00a0de regul\u0103, se mare\u015fte \u015feptelul animalelor\u00a0prin ob\u0163inerea tineretului (vi\u0163ei, purcei,\u00a0miei \u015f.a.), iar \u015feptelul \u2013 matca se afl\u0103\u00a0la \u00eenceput de lacta\u0163ie, perioad\u0103 foarte\u00a0important\u0103 at\u00e2t pentru ob\u0163inerea unei\u00a0productivit\u0103\u0163i \u00eenalte, men\u021binerea st\u0103rii\u00a0de s\u0103n\u0103tate, c\u00e2t \u015fi cre\u015fterea unor descenden\u0163i\u00a0de \u00eenalt\u0103 calitate. foto 1. Borhot uscat de alcool \u0219i macuh (turt\u0103) din miez de nuci<\/p>\n
4. Treptat, mai cu seam\u0103 din a doua jum\u0103tate a prim\u0103verii, apar posibilit\u0103\u021bi de a utiliza furajele verzi (culturi furajere\u00a0sau iarb\u0103 de pe p\u0103\u0219uni) \u00een ra\u021biile\u00a0animalelor agricole, \u0219i aici se cer \u00eendeplinite\u00a0anumite reguli de trecere cu\u00a0succes la ra\u021biile de var\u0103. f\u0103r\u0103 afectarea\u00a0productivit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i st\u0103rii de s\u0103n\u0103tate\u00a0 a\u00a0animalelor.\u00a0Cum pot fi solu\u021bionate aceste probleme?<\/p>\n
1. Dac\u0103 vorbim despre \u00eendestularea\u00a0cantitativ\u0103 cu furaje, atunci este\u00a0 necesar mai intensiv de folosit toate\u00a0sursele ad\u0103ug\u0103toare posibile de
\nnutre\u0163uri. Se are \u00een vedere \u00een primul\u00a0r\u00e2nd folosirea ca supliment la ra\u0163ia de\u00a0baz\u0103 a de\u0219eurilor de la industria de\u00a0prelucrare: borhotul de bere \u015fi alcool,\u00a0t\u0103i\u0163ei de sfecl\u0103, tescovina de mere \u015fi
\npoam\u0103, at\u00e2t \u00een form\u0103 proasp\u0103t\u0103, c\u00e2t\u00a0\u0219i uscat\u0103, macuhurile (turtele) de semin\u021be\u00a0de poam\u0103, de nuci, de bostani,\u00a0fosfatidele etc.<\/p>\n
Borhoturile proaspete de bere \u015fi alcool\u00a0trebuiesc folosite cu precau\u0163ie o perioad\u0103 de 15-20 zile cu un repaus de 5-8\u00a0zile, apoi ciclul se va repeta. De asemenea.\u00a0este nevoie de a \u00eentroduce \u00een ra\u0163ie\u00a0surse ad\u0103ug\u0103toare de calciu, de dorit\u00a0 calciu vitaminizat.<\/p>\n
Pentru a spori eficacitatea nutre\u0163urilor\u00a0este necesar de a organiza preg\u0103tirea\u00a0lor preventiv\u0103 \u00eenainte de a le distribui\u00a0animalelor.<\/p>\n
De acest procedeu au nevoie \u00een primul\u00a0r\u00e2nd grosierele \u2013 paiele, cocenii de porumb.<\/p>\n
Cea mai simpl\u0103 \u015fi des r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 metod\u0103\u00a0este m\u0103run\u0163irea. Furajele grosiere\u00a0pentru taurine \u015fi ovine se m\u0103run\u0163esc\u00a0\u00een particole de m\u0103rime 1,5-5 cm\u00a0 cu ajutorul diverselor agregate.<\/p>\n
E foarte bine c\u00e2nd paiele nu numai\u00a0se marun\u0163esc. dar s esupun \u0219i actiunii\u00a0temperaturilor \u00eenalte prin op\u0103rire.\u00a0Pentru aceasta la 10 kg de paie sau coceni\u00a0se vor folosi 8-12 l de ap\u0103 fierbinte,\u00a080-120 g sare de buc\u0103t\u0103rie, se vor\u00a0\u00eenveli cupelicul\u0103 sau saci \u015fi se vor l\u0103sa\u00a0pentru 3-4 ore. \u00cen acest r\u0103stimp paiele\u00a0\u015fi cocenii se \u00eenmoaie \u015fi cap\u0103t\u0103 un miros\u00a0pl\u0103cut. \u00cen a\u015fa mod trebuie\u015fte preparat\u0103\u00a0\u015fi pleava de graminee. Deoarece
\nnutre\u0163urile prelucrate \u00een a\u015fa mod\u00a0se distribuie animalelor, de regul\u0103 \u00een\u00a0foto 2. Tescovin\u0103 uscat\u0103 de poam\u0103, macuh (turt\u0103) din semin\u021be de poam\u0103\u00a0forma cald\u0103, aceasta ac\u0163ioneaz\u0103 pozitiv\u00a0nu numai la digestibilitatea substan\u0163elor\u00a0nutritive, dar \u015fi la mic\u015forarea\u00a0pierderilor de energie necesar\u0103 pentru\u00a0men\u0163inerea constant\u0103 a temperaturii\u00a0corpului \u015fi mai multe substan\u0163e\u00a0nutritive se vor folosi la formarea produc\u0163iei\u00a0(lapte, carne)<\/p>\n
.R\u0103d\u0103cinoasele (sfecla furajer\u0103, sfecla de zah\u0103r, morcovii) \u00eenainte de distribuire se cur\u0103\u0163\u0103 de p\u0103m\u00e2nt, tuberculile mici se vor marun\u0163i (\u00een a\u015fa mod se evit\u0103cazurile de blocare a esofagului), iar\u00a0cele mari se pot folosi \u015fi \u00eentregi. R\u0103d\u0103cinoasele\u00a0marun\u0163ite repede se oxideaz\u0103,\u00a0se \u00eentunec\u0103 la culoare, pierd sucul, \u0219i\u00a0 din aceast\u0103 cauz\u0103 imediat dup\u0103 marun\u0163ire
\nele trebuiesc distribuite animalelor.<\/p>\n
Graun\u0163ele plantelor furajere folosite \u00een ra\u0163iile taurinelor obligatoriu se vor\u00a0 marun\u0163i \u00een particole la dimensiuni de 1,0-1,8 mm. Gr\u0103un\u0163ele nem\u0103run\u0163ite saum\u0103run\u0163ite prea m\u0103\u015fcat trec aproape \u00een\u00a0\u00eentregime nemistuite prin tractul gastrointestinal. Gr\u0103un\u0163oasele graminee\u00a0de o calitate bun\u0103 nu trebuiesc supuse\u00a0prelucr\u0103rii termice, fierberea sau op\u0103ritul
\nlor nu sporesc valoarea nutritiv\u0103\u00a0dar cheltuielile b\u0103ne\u015fti, ele produc distrujerea\u00a0par\u0163ial\u0103 a vitaminelor din aceste\u00a0nutre\u0163uri. Fierberea poate fi folosit\u0103\u00a0numai \u00een cazurile \u00eentroducerii \u00een ra\u0163ii a
\nleguminoaselor — soia, mazerea \u015f.a.<\/p>\n
\u00cen acest caz are loc inactivarea substan\u0163elor\u00a0antinutritive care se con\u0163in\u00a0\u00een aceste boabe, se schimb\u0103 structura\u00a0molecular\u0103 a proteinei, ca rezultat\u00a0spore\u015fte gradul de utilizare a ei.\u00a0Fierberea este necesar\u0103 numai atunci\u00a0c\u00e2nd graun\u0163ele sunt de o calitate\u00a0joas\u0103, muceg\u0103ite. Cu toate acestea\u00a0trebuie de \u015ftiut, c\u0103 prin fierbere un\u00a0nutre\u0163 toxic nu poate fi transformat
\n\u00eentr-un nutre\u0163 calitativ.<\/p>\n
\u00cen majoritatea cazurilor \u00een condi\u021biile\u00a0gospod\u0103riilor casnice, de\u0163in\u0103torii\u00a0de animale \u00een \u0163ara noastr\u0103 distribuie\u00a0nutre\u0163urile separat, \u015fi nu le folosesc\u00a0\u00een form\u0103 de amestecuri. \u00censa este cunoscut\u00a0faptul c\u0103 furajele se folosesc\u00a0mai eficient \u015fi cu un randament mai\u00a0\u00eenalt numai \u00een form\u0103 de amestecuri\u00a0unice. Diver\u015fi componen\u0163i ai amestecului\u00a0se completeaz\u0103 unul pe altul
\ncu substan\u0163e nutritive care. Nimerind\u00a0concomitent \u00een organismul animal.\u00a0Faciliteaz\u0103 gradul de digestie \u015fi \u00eengerare\u00a0a nutre\u0163urilor. Ca rezultat,\u00a0productivitatea animalelor spore\u015fte\u00a0minim cu 15-20%, iar cheltuielile de\u00a0furaje la o unitate de produc\u0163ie sunt\u00a0cu 10-12% mai reduse.<\/p>\n
Pentru prepararea amestecurilor unice\u00a0este necesar ca furajele grosiere s\u0103 fie\u00a0marun\u0163ite, op\u0103rite, amestecate cu siloz,
\nr\u0103d\u0103cinoase marun\u0163ite, o cantitate\u00a0mic\u0103 de concentrate, sare de buc\u0103t\u0103rie,\u00a0adaosuri minerale. Asemenea amestecuri\u00a0sunt folosite de animale practic\u00a0f\u0103r\u0103 resturi.<\/p>\n
2. Din motivele descrise mai sus, prim\u0103vara\u00a0pentru \u00eendestularea cerin\u0163elor\u00a0animalelor \u00een macro- \u0219i microelemente,\u00a0vitamine \u0219i proteine, este strict necesar\u00a0ca \u00een componen\u0163a nutre\u0163urilor\u00a0combinate s\u0103 se \u00eentroduc\u0103 premixuri
\n\u015fi concentrate proteino-vitamino-minerale\u00a0(CPVM). Utilizarea premixurilor\u00a0\u00een propor\u0163ie de la 1% p\u00e2n\u0103 la 5% dincompnen\u0163aconcentratelor\u00eendestuleaz\u0103necesit\u0103\u0163ileanimalelor\u00een\u00a0vitamine \u015fi
\nmicroelemente \u015fi contribuie pozitiv la\u00a0sporirea productivit\u0103\u0163ii \u015fi men\u0163inerea\u00a0s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii animalelor.<\/p>\n
Cu ajutorul concentratelor proteino-vitaminominerale (CPVM) se poate de\u00a0transformat gr\u0103un\u021bele de graminee din\u00a0gospod\u0103rii \u00een nutre\u0163uri combinate de o\u00a0calitate \u00eenalt\u0103 pentru animale \u015fi p\u0103s\u0103ri.\u00a0Pentru aceasta, \u00een dependen\u0163\u0103 de specia\u00a0\u015fi v\u00e2rsta animalelor se amestec\u0103 15-\u00a030% de CRVM cu 85-70% gr\u0103un\u0163e m\u0103run\u0163ite\u00a0(porumb, orz, gr\u00e2u, etc.).<\/p>\n
Acest lucru este posibil datorit\u0103 faptului\u00a0c\u0103 CPVM con\u0163in \u00een cantit\u0103\u0163i suficiente\u00a0proteine, vitamine \u015fi substan\u0163e minerale\u00a0— macro- \u015fi\u00a0 icroelemente.<\/p>\n
Nu uita\u0163i c\u0103, folosind nutre\u0163uri combinate,\u00a0ob\u0163inem cu 25-30% mai mult\u0103\u00a0produc\u0163ie dec\u00e2t c\u00e2nd folosim amestecuri\u00a0simple de gr\u0103un\u0163oase.\u00a0\u00censtitutul Stiin\u0163ifico-Practic de Biotehnologii\u00a0\u00een Zootehnie \u015fi Medicin\u0103 Veterinar\u0103,\u00a0reie\u0219ind din componen\u0163a chimic\u0103\u00a0\u015fi valoarea nutritiv\u0103 a furajelor locale,\u00a0a elaborat \u015fi a aprobat un \u015fir de re\u0163ete\u00a0de premixuri \u015fi CPVM pentru animale \u015fi\u00a0p\u0103s\u0103ri agricole, care acum se produc de\u00a0c\u0103tre SRL \u201eMedicamentum\u201d \u0219i se folosesc\u00a0cu succes de c\u0103tre de\u0163in\u0103torii de animale.\u00a0Folosirea premixurilor \u015fi CPVM spore\u015fte\u00a0productivitatea animalelor \u015fi indicii de reptoduc\u0163ie cu cel pu\u0163in 10-15%.<\/p>\n
3. Deoarece \u00een multe cazuri vacile de\u00a0lapte prim\u0103vara se afl\u0103 la \u00eenceput de\u00a0lacta\u0163ie, atragem aten\u0163ia la unele principii\u00a0de alimenta\u0163ie \u00een aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103.Este cunoscut faptul c\u0103 \u00een primele\u00a0100-120 zile de lacta\u0163ie de la vaci se\u00a0ob\u0163in 40-45% din toat\u0103 produc\u0163ia de lapte pe lacta\u021bie, deci cerin\u0163ele fa\u0163\u0103 de\u00a0ra\u0163iile animalelor sunt foarte \u00eenalte \u015fi\u00a0problema se mai complic\u0103 \u015fi prin faptul\u00a0existen\u0163ei unei disbalan\u0163e \u00eentre apetitul\u00a0animalului (capacitatea de \u00eengerare a\u00a0nutre\u0163urilor) \u015fi cantitatea de lapte produs,\u00a0un bilan\u021b energetic negativ.<\/p>\n
Problema poate fi par\u0163ial rezolvat\u0103 prin
\nfolosirea nutre\u0163urilor cu o concentra\u0163ie\u00a0ridicat\u0103 de energie \u015fi substan\u0163e nutritive,\u00a0a\u015fa ca: sfecla furajer\u0103, care se va distribui\u00a0\u00een cantit\u0103\u0163i de 1-1,2 kg la fiecare\u00a0kg de lapte ob\u0163inut, nutre\u0163uri combinate
\nc\u00e2te 350-400 g la 1 kg lapte, iar ra\u0163ia\u00a0de baz\u0103 va fi constituit\u0103 din furaje voluminoase\u00a0calitative.<\/p>\n
S\u0103 nu uit\u0103m de hr\u0103nirea avansat\u0103 a vacilor\u00a0\u00een primele 100- 120 zile de lacta\u0163ie.\u00a0Vacilor cu\u00a0 roductivitatea, de exemplu,\u00a0de 15 l lapte pe zi, li se va distribui ra\u0163ia\u00a0pentru 18-20 l lapte, celor cu productivitatea\u00a0de 18 l — li se va distribui ra\u0163ia pentru\u00a020-22 l \u015f.a.m.d., p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd animalele
\nreac\u0163ioneaz\u0103 pozitiv prin sporirea productivit\u0103\u0163ii.<\/p>\n
Pentru \u00eendestularea necesit\u0103\u0163ilor vacilor\u00a0de lapte, \u00een substan\u0163e minerale este\u00a0binevenit\u0103 folosirea fosfatului monocalcic\u00a0(35-100 g\/cap\/zi), s\u0103rii de buc\u0103t\u0103rie\u00a0(70-120 g\/cap\/zi) \u015fi a premixului mineralovitaminic \u201cJoiana-2%\u201d (120-150 g\/\u00a0cap\/zi).<\/p>\n
4. Fiindc\u0103 ne afl\u0103m la \u00eenceput de prim\u0103var\u0103,\u00a0a\u0219 vrea s\u0103 amintesc de\u021bin\u0103torilor\u00a0de animale c\u00e2teva reguli importante de\u00a0trecere de la ra\u021biile de iarn\u0103 la folosirea\u00a0plantelor verzi \u0219i a ierburilor de pe p\u0103\u0219uni.Mai \u00eent\u00e2i s\u0103 nu uit\u0103m c\u0103 animalele rumeg\u0103toare\u00a0au un stomac compus, unde\u00a0un rol primordial la digestia furajelor \u00eel\u00a0joac\u0103 microflora ruminal\u0103, care are nevoie\u00a0de ceva timp pentru acomodarea\u00a0la nutre\u021buri noi, de aceia este foarte\u00a0important s\u0103 nu trece\u021bi brusc animalele
\nde la ra\u021biile de iarn\u0103 la utilizarea masei\u00a0verzi de pe p\u0103\u0219uni, perioada de tranzi\u021bie\u00a0trebuie s\u0103 dureze 10-14 zile.<\/p>\n
Plantele verzi prezint\u0103 pentru animale\u00a0un nutre\u0163 de o valoare deosebit\u0103, deoarece
\nel con\u0163ine practic toate substan\u0163ele\u00a0nutritive importante.<\/p>\n
Folosirea nutre\u0163ului verde \u00een hrana\u00a0 animalelor ofer posibilitatea de a m\u0103ri considerabil produc\u0163ia animalier\u0103. Dar\u00a0trebuie de luat \u00een considera\u0163ie c\u0103 plantele\u00a0verzi tinere se deosebesc printr-un\u00a0con\u0163inut \u00eenalt de protein\u0103, amidon \u015fi\u00a0potasiu \u015fi cu o concentra\u0163ie sc\u0103zut\u0103 de\u00a0substan\u0163e uscate \u015fi celuloz\u0103.<\/p>\n
Deci, aceste particularit\u0103\u0163i ale plantelor\u00a0verzi trebuie de avut \u00een vedere,\u00a0fiindc\u0103 hr\u0103nind vacile \u00een perioada\u00a0aceasta numai cu mas\u0103 verde,\u00a0ele primesc surplus de protein\u0103 \u015fi\u00a0amidon, iar substan\u0163\u0103 uscat\u0103 \u015fi celuloz\u0103\u00a0— insuficient. \u00cen schimb, pentru\u00a0asigurarea proceselor normale \u00een digestia\u00a0vacilor sunt necesare anumite\u00a0 cantit\u0103\u0163i de substan\u0163\u0103 uscat\u0103 (15-20 kg la un cap\/zi) \u0219i celuloz\u0103 (18-22%\u00a0din substan\u0163a uscat\u0103 a ra\u0163iei). \u00cen\u00a0 caz\u00a0contrar, se deregleaz\u0103 digestia \u015fi ca\u00a0urmare o mare cantitate de substan\u0163e\u00a0 nutritive nemistuite se elimin\u0103 cu fecalele.<\/p>\n
Din cauza insuficien\u0163ei de celuloz\u0103 \u00een\u00a0ra\u0163ie se mic\u015foreaz\u0103 formarea \u00een rumen\u00a0a acidului acetic, care este predecesorul\u00a0gr\u0103similor lactate \u015fi ac\u0163ioneaz\u0103 negativ\u00a0\u00a0la con\u0163inutul de gr\u0103sime \u00een lapte.<\/p>\n
Procesul trecerii la nutre\u0163urile de var\u0103\u00a0trebuie s\u0103 fie treptat. Aceasta\u00a0 asigur\u0103 o\u00a0lacta\u0163ie bun\u0103 \u015fi p\u0103streaz\u0103 capacit\u0103\u0163ile\u00a0\u00eenalte de reproduc\u0163ie \u015fi s\u0103n\u0103tate. Pentru\u00a0trecerea treptat\u0103 este necesar ca la\u00a0ra\u0163ia de iarn\u0103 s\u0103 se adauge la \u00eenceput\u00a04-5 kg de mas\u0103 verde, iar apoi aceast\u0103\u00a0cantitate zilnic se m\u0103re\u015fte \u00een decurs de\u00a08-10 zile p\u00e2n\u0103 la normele stabilite. \u00cen\u00a0 perioada de trecere nu se recomand\u0103\u00a0hr\u0103nirea cu mas\u0103 verde \u00een form\u0103 curat\u0103\u00a0sau de dat drumul la animale dis de\u00a0diminea\u0163\u0103 la p\u0103scut \u201epe stomacul gol\u201d.\u00a0Ar fi bine ca \u015fi dup\u0103 trecerea vacilor la\u00a0hr\u0103nirea cu plante verzi \u00een ra\u0163ie s\u0103 fie\u00a0introduse 1-2 kg de f\u00e2n sau paie \u015fi 5-8\u00a0kg de siloz.<\/p>\n
O problem\u0103 important\u0103 \u00een perioada\u00a0de trecere la ra\u0163iile de var\u0103 este \u00eendestularea\u00a0necesit\u0103\u0163ilor vacilor de lapte \u00een\u00a0zah\u0103r. \u00cen acest scop se folose\u015fte melasa\u00a0— c\u00e2te 0,5-1,0 kg la un cap\/zi. Aceasta\u00a0va da posibilitate pentru asigurarea\u00a0normal\u0103 a corela\u0163iei zah\u0103r : protein\u0103 \u00een\u00a0ra\u021bie, care trebuie s\u0103 fie de 0,8-1:1.<\/p>\n
O mare \u00eensemn\u0103tate \u00een perioada de\u00a0trecere o are problema nutri\u0163iei minerale.\u00a0\u00cen plantele verzi se con\u0163ine
\nmult potasiu. Dac\u0103 corela\u0163ia potasiu :sodiu \u00een norm\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 fie de 3-4:1,\u00a0\u00een nutre\u0163ul verde ea constituie p\u00e2n\u0103\u00a0 la 19-20:1. Ca s\u0103 prevenim deregl\u0103rile\u00a0aduse de surplusul de potasiu trebuie
\ns\u0103 utiliz\u0103m la timp sarea de buc\u0103t\u0103rie.\u00a0\u00cen aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103 norma ei cre\u015fte\u00a0p\u00e2n\u0103 la 100-150 g\/cap\/zi.<\/p>\n
De obicei masa verde, \u015fi mai ales a\u00a0plantelor leguminoase, este bogat\u0103 \u00een\u00a0calciu \u015fi s\u0103rac\u0103 \u00een fosfor, de aceea este\u00a0necesar folosirea \u00een aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103\u00a0a suplimentelor minerale de fosfor\u00a0(c\u00e2te 80-100 g la un cap\/zi) a\u015fa ca fosfatul\u00a0monosodic sau fosfatul bisodic,\u00a0care con\u0163in 21-24 g de fosfor \u00een 100 g\u00a0de preparat. \u00cen cazul lipsei de substan\u0163e\u00a0minerale, premixuri \u00een ra\u0163ii, vacile de\u00a0lapte afl\u00e2ndu-se \u00een libertate, la p\u0103\u015fune,\u00a0caut\u0103 singure surse de minerale, utiliz\u00e2nd\u00a0chiar \u015fi materialul antiderapant\u00a0de pe marginile drumurilor (foto 3), un\u00a0lucru absolut inadmisibil.<\/p>\n
Reamintim c\u0103 perioada de p\u0103\u0219unat\u00a0 \u00eencepe doar atunci, c\u00e2nd ierburile au atins \u00een\u0103l\u021bimea de minimum 15 cm \u0219i
\nsolul de pe p\u0103\u0219une s-a zv\u00e2ntat bine, de\u00a0regul\u0103 \u00een \u021bara noastr\u0103 aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103\u00a0coincide cu sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lunii aprilie, \u00eenceputul\u00a0lunii mai.<\/p>\n
Important este \u0219i faptul s\u0103 nu d\u0103m posibilitate\u00a0animalelor s\u0103 pasc\u0103 haotic,\u00a0concomitent pe toat\u0103 suprafa\u021b\u0103 p\u0103\u0219unii,\u00a0de la un cap\u0103t la altul. Organiza\u021bi p\u0103\u0219unatul\u00a0 pe parcele, ideal ar fi cu utilizareagardului electric a\u0219a cum procedeaz\u0103\u00a0de acum mul\u021bi gospodari din \u021bar\u0103 (foto\u00a04). P\u0103\u0219unatul pe parcele spore\u0219te cu 20-\u00a040% eficien\u021ba utiliz\u0103rii ierburilor de pe\u00a0p\u0103\u0219uni \u0219i spore\u0219te \u00een medie cu 35% productivitatea\u00a0animalelor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ne afl\u0103m la \u00eenceputul prim\u0103verii, o\u00a0perioad\u0103 care \u00eentotdeauna a fost\u00a0destul de complicat\u0103 pentru organizarea\u00a0alimenta\u0163iei corecte a animalelor. Care sunt problemele principale cu\u00a0care se confrunt\u0103 fermierii \u00een asigurarea\u00a0unei alimenta\u0163ii cuvenite a animalelor\u00a0\u00een aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103: 1. \u00cen multe ferme se simte insuficien\u0163\u0103\u00a0de furaje \u015fi sc\u0103derea considerabil\u0103\u00a0a calit\u0103\u0163ii nutre\u0163urilor pe perioada de\u00a0p\u0103strare, deoarece de la data depozit\u0103rii\u00a0lor au […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3558,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[61,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3557","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lider-agro-2019-","category-3"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3557","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3557"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3557\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8933,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3557\/revisions\/8933"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3558"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3557"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3557"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3557"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}