{"id":6523,"date":"2020-05-16T12:18:24","date_gmt":"2020-05-16T10:18:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lider-agro.md\/?p=6523"},"modified":"2020-10-22T12:09:32","modified_gmt":"2020-10-22T10:09:32","slug":"protectia-biologica-a-plantelor-cu-entomofagul-trichogramma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/lider-agro.md\/?p=6523","title":{"rendered":"Protec\u0163ia biologic\u0103 a plantelor cu Entomofagul Trichogramma"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Culturile agricole sunt atacate de un complex de organisme d\u0103un\u0103toare, careproduc pagube insemnate. Folosirea in exces a pesticidelor pentru protec\u0163iaplantelor in combaterea d\u0103un\u0103torilor duce de regul\u0103 la poluarea mediuluiambiant. Protec\u0163ia biologic\u0103 a plantelor cap\u0103t\u0103 o recunoa\u015ftere \u015fi dezvoltareampl\u0103 datorit\u0103 aplic\u0103rii metodelor \u015fi procedeelor noi de combatere, indreptatein solu\u0163ionarea problemelor pentru sporirea produc\u0163iei agricole \u015fi ameliorareacalit\u0103\u0163ii mediului ambiant.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Protec\u0163ia biologic\u0103 a plantelor cap\u0103t\u0103 o recunoa\u015ftere \u015fi dezvoltareampl\u0103 datorit\u0103 aplic\u0103rii metodelor \u015fi procedeelor noide combatere, indreptate in solu\u0163ionarea problemelor pentrusporirea produc\u0163iei agricole \u015fi ameliorarea calit\u0103\u0163ii mediuluiambiant. In practica de protec\u0163ie a plantelor o importan\u0163\u0103tot mai mare o cap\u0103t\u0103 reglarea densit\u0103\u0163ii d\u0103un\u0103torilor, cuajutorul entomofagilor, capcanelor feromonale \u0219i preparatelorbiologice.Un rol deosebit de periculos il prezint\u0103 d\u0103un\u0103torii plantelor:complexul de buhe, albili\u0163e \u015fi molii. Gradul inalt de nocivitateal d\u0103un\u0103torilor in condi\u0163iile Republicii Moldova, se datoreaz\u0103faptului, c\u0103 aceste specii se dezvolt\u0103 in 2-3 genera\u0163ii anual,se acumuleaz\u0103 rapid, au o rezisten\u0163\u0103 mare. Pentru realizareacercet\u0103rilor au fost folosite pentru investiga\u0163ii diferite speciide <em>Trichogramma: T. evanescens, T. pintoi, T. embryophagum,T. dendrolimi <\/em>\u015fi fitofagi &#8212; <em>Sitotroga cerealella Ol., Mamestrabrassicae L., Helicoverpa armigera Hb., Grapholitha funebranaTr., Laspeyresia pomonella L., Ostrinia nubilalis Hb., <\/em>care auo importan\u0163\u0103 economic\u0103 in agricultura Republicii Moldova.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Pentru determinarea termenilor \u015fi normelor de lansare a en tomofagului in combaterea d\u0103un\u0103torilor se recomand\u0103 deefectuat eviden\u0163a densit\u0103\u0163ii ou\u0103lor. Norma de lansare a <em>Trichogramma<\/em>variaz\u0103 intre 150.000 \u015fi 450.000 indivizi \/h\u0430, caredepinde de num\u0103rul ou\u0103lor d\u0103un\u0103torilor \u015fi durata depuneriilor in camp. In perioada anilor 2000-2013 s-a aplicat entomofagul<em>Trichogramma <\/em>in combaterea d\u0103un\u0103torilor in diferitegospod\u0103rii din R. Moldova, unde num\u0103rul lans\u0103rilor a fost trei- \u015fase. Eficacitatea biologic\u0103 a <em>T evanescens <\/em>la diferite culturi,a variat intre 74,0% \u015fi 91,8%, atacul d\u0103un\u0103torilor a variat intre4 \u015fi 10%.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>In martor (<em>Trichogramma <\/em>nu s-a lansat) la culturilede maz\u0103re, porumb, varz\u0103, tomate, soia, sfecl\u0103 pentru zah\u0103r\u015fi ardei dulci atacul d\u0103un\u0103torilor a fost 60 &#8212; 91%. La culturilemultianuale (prun, m\u0103r) in Gospod\u0103riile din Puhoi, Chi\u015fin\u0103u\u015fi B\u0103cioi a fost aplicat\u0103 <em>T. embryophagum<\/em>, unde dup\u0103 5-6 lans\u0103ria entomofagului in combaterea viermelui m\u0103rului \u015fi viermeluiprunului s-a determinat eficacitatea biologic\u0103 \u015fi ataculd\u0103un\u0103torului. Eficacitatea biologic\u0103 a variat intre 83,0% \u015fi90,0%, atacul d\u0103un\u0103torilor a variat intre 3% \u015fi 10%. In martoratacul d\u0103un\u0103torilor a fost de 55% &#8212; 92%. Experien\u0163a mondial\u0103arat\u0103, c\u0103 aplicarea <em>Trichogramma <\/em>este cu mult mai efectiv\u0103,fiind folosit\u0103 in protec\u0163ia integrat\u0103 a plantelor.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Culturile agricole sunt atacate de un complex de organisme d\u0103un\u0103toare, careproduc pagube insemnate. Folosirea in exces a pesticidelor pentru protec\u0163iaplantelor in combaterea d\u0103un\u0103torilor duce de regul\u0103 la poluarea mediuluiambiant. Protec\u0163ia biologic\u0103 a plantelor cap\u0103t\u0103 o recunoa\u015ftere \u015fi dezvoltareampl\u0103 datorit\u0103 aplic\u0103rii metodelor \u015fi procedeelor noi de combatere, indreptatein solu\u0163ionarea problemelor pentru sporirea produc\u0163iei agricole [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6524,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6523","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lider-agro-2014-04","category-6"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6523","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6523"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6523\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10562,"href":"http:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6523\/revisions\/10562"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6524"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6523"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6523"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/lider-agro.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6523"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}